Learning to read presents the biggest challenge for students with dyslexia. Unluckily, reading strategies that are frequently used, like guided reading or integrated literacy, are ineffective for struggling readers. Since these methods do not emphasize the decoding abilities that dyslexic kids require to succeed in reading, they are particularly unhelpful for dyslexic pupils.

Structured literacy, which trains learners to decode words explicitly and systematically, is effective. This method is proven to be more successful for all readers and benefits pupils with dyslexia as well.

There are six elements of structured literacy that are supported by research:

Phonology- The study of sound structure in spoken language is known as phonology. Every given word is made up of a series of phonemes, the minutest units of sound, according to the concept of phonemic awareness, which is fundamental to phonology. Phoneme awareness is essential to comprehending the alphabetic principle and, by extension, to learning phonics and spelling. Phonetic symbols are symbolized by graphemes, the alphabet's letters.

Sound-Symbol Correlation- To map phonetics (sounds) to graphemes, a process known as sound-symbol association, the alphabetic principle, or the relationship between alphabet and speech sounds, is used (letters).

Syllables- Syllables are larger than phonemes in spoken language, making them simpler for learners to hear and manage. Students are given tools for detecting unknown multisyllabic words through syllabication, and the capacity to recognize and separate syllables in written words.

Morphology- the underlying semantic structure of words is referred to as morphology. Morphological awareness, as used in the framework of foundational literacy training, refers to the capacity to comprehend the purpose and significance of word origins and affixes (such as inflectional ends, prefixes, and suffixes), as well as how they might be joined to make words.

Syntax-To conveys meaning, words are typically arranged in phrases or clauses according to syntax. The subject of syntax encompasses sentence kinds, parts of speech, common linguistic rules, and sentence patterns.

Semantics-The meanings of individual words, sentences, and phrases are referred to as semantics. Semantics is related to vocabulary education but also includes the explicit or implicit meaning of words, phrases, and sentences. The phrase also refers to a comprehension of literary structure ( e.g. poetry, story, or any piece of information on the same topic)